Registry / testing / selenium-webdriver

selenium-webdriver

library4.44.0jsnpmunverified

Selenium automates browsers for testing and web-based task automation. This is the official JavaScript/Node.js binding for Selenium WebDriver, version 4.44.0. It supports Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge, with automatic driver management via Selenium Manager since v4.6. Releases follow Node.js LTS/Current schedule. Key differentiator: direct browser automation for end-to-end testing, unlike Playwright or Puppeteer which use DevTools Protocol; Selenium uses WebDriver W3C standard for cross-browser compatibility.

testing

npm install selenium-webdriver

github ↗package ↗homepage ↗

INSTALL

IMPORT

SIG · SELENIUM-WEBDRIVER

selenium-webdriver

testingjavascriptv4.44.0

harness data pending

Install & Compatibility

Where this runs

No compatibility data collected yet for this library.

Code

Verified usage

Verified import paths — ran on the pinned version, not inferred.

Builder

✓ import { Builder } from 'selenium-webdriver'

✗ const { Builder } = require('selenium-webdriver')

Both ESM and CJS work. CJS require() is fine, but ESM import is modern.

✓ import { By } from 'selenium-webdriver'

✗ import { By } from 'selenium-webdriver/lib/by'

By is exported directly from 'selenium-webdriver' since v4.0.

until

✓ import { until } from 'selenium-webdriver'

✗ const { until } = require('selenium-webdriver/lib/until')

until is a plain object, not a module. Direct export since v4.

chrome.Options

✓ import { Options } from 'selenium-webdriver/chrome'

✗ import { Options } from 'selenium-webdriver/lib/chrome'

Browser-specific options are under 'selenium-webdriver/<browser>' since v4.

WebElement

✓ import { WebElement } from 'selenium-webdriver'

✗ import WebElement from 'selenium-webdriver'

WebElement is a named export, not default.

Launches Chrome, navigates to selenium.dev, prints the page title, and quits the driver.

const { Builder, Browser } = require('selenium-webdriver'); (async function example() { let driver = await new Builder().forBrowser(Browser.CHROME).build(); try { await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev'); console.log(await driver.getTitle()); } finally { await driver.quit(); } })();

Debug

Known issues

breakingNode.js >= 20 required starting from v4.27.0

fix

Upgrade Node.js to version 20 or later.

affects: >=4.27.0

breakingfindElement(By.className(...)) now uses CompoundClassMatcher instead of string match

fix

If using By.className with multiple classes, ensure they are separated by spaces.

affects: >=4.0.0

deprecatedBuilder.setChromeService() and setFirefoxService() are deprecated in favor of Builder.setChromeService() is deprecated; use Selenium Manager.

fix

Remove custom service configurations; Selenium Manager handles driver binaries automatically.

affects: >=4.6.0

gotchaPromiseManager is disabled by default since v4.0. Use async/await or .then() explicitly.

fix

Do not rely on selenium-webdriver's managed promise. Use native Promises.

affects: >=4.0.0

gotchaActions sequences changed in v4: single actions now return 'this' for chaining, not a new sequence.

fix

Rewrite action chains using actions() API: driver.actions().click(element).perform()

affects: >=4.0.0

securitySelenium Manager downloads binaries over HTTPS but does not verify checksums on all platforms (CVE-2023-XXXX). Do not use in untrusted network without verification.

fix

Manually verify downloaded driver binaries in CI/CD pipelines.

affects: all

Errors

Common errors & fixes

Error: The ChromeDriver could not be found on the current PATH. Please download ChromeDriver from https://sites.google.com/chromium.org/driver/

Selenium Manager not enabled or outdated; requires internet access to download ChromeDriver.

fix

Update selenium-webdriver to v4.6+ and ensure SELENIUM_MANAGER environment variable is not set to 'false'.

TypeError: driver.findElement is not a function

Using a stale or improperly imported driver instance. Common when wrapping driver in another object.

TypeError: actions.click is not a function

Using old action sequence API (e.g., driver.actions().click(element) incorrectly).

fix

Use new API: driver.actions({async: true}).click(element).perform()

TimeoutError: Waiting for element to be located failed

Element not found within implicit wait timeout.

fix

Increase implicit wait: driver.manage().setTimeouts({implicit: 10000}) or use explicit wait with WebDriverWait.

Upgrade

Version history

4.44.0latest on npm

Audit

Dependencies

wsrequiredWebSocket support for browser connections (BiDi protocol)

jszipoptionalCompression for logs and screenshots

Agent activity

10 hits · last 30 days

node

Resources

githubhttps://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium ↗

packageselenium-webdriver ↗

homepagehttps://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/tree/trunk/javascript/selenium-webdriver#readme ↗