ndg-httpsclient

import sys import ssl # PyOpenSSL is a dependency that ndg-httpsclient leverages from OpenSSL import SSL # ndg-httpsclient patches these modules, so they should benefit from its enhancements if sys.version_info[0] >= 3: import urllib.request as request_mod import http.client as http_client_mod else: import urllib2 as request_mod import httplib as http_client_mod # The primary utility for direct use is open_url from ndg.httpsclient.utils import open_url # For this example, we'll try a common HTTPS URL. # In a real-world scenario, you might pass specific client certificates (c, k) # or a custom CA bundle (ca) for peer verification. target_url = "https://www.google.com" print(f"Attempting to connect to {target_url} using ndg-httpsclient's open_url...") try: # open_url utilizes the PyOpenSSL-backed HTTPS handling provided by ndg-httpsclient # For more robust verification, you'd provide `ca='path/to/ca-bundle.pem'` response = open_url(target_url) print(f"Connection successful!") print(f"HTTP Status Code: {response.getcode()}") print(f"Content-Type: {response.info()['Content-Type']}") # Read and decode a small part of the content to demonstrate success # Do not read full content for quickstart to avoid large output content_snippet = response.read(200).decode('utf-8', errors='ignore') print(f"Partial Content: {content_snippet}...") except SSL.Error as e: print(f"SSL Error during connection: {e}") except Exception as e: print(f"An unexpected error occurred: {e}")